Product Description

USA ONLY

Cynomolgusmonkey C3 (cyno C3) is purified from pooled normal cynomolgus monkeyserum. C3 is central to the activation of all three pathways ofcomplement activation (Law, S.K.A. and Reid, K.B.M. (1995)). Initiationof each pathway generates proteolytic enzyme complexes (C3 convertases)which are bound to the target surface. These enzymes cleave a peptidebond in C3 releasing the anaphylatoxin C3a and activating C3b. For abrief time (~60 μs) this nascent C3b is capable of reacting with andcovalently coupling to hydroxyl groups on the target surface.Carbohydrates are the favored target, but protein hydroxyls and aminogroups also react. This process of tagging the target surface with C3bis called opsonization. The reactive site in nascent C3b is a thioester(Tack B.J., et al. (1980); Pangburn M.K. and MülerEberhard H.J. (1980))and C3b is linked to the target through a covalent ester bond (an amidebond is formed if C3b is attached to amino groups). Most of the C3activated during complement activation never attaches to the surfacebecause its thioester reacts with water forming fluid phase C3b which israpidly inactivated by factors H and I forming iC3b. Surface-bound C3bis necessary in all three pathways for efficient activation of C5 andformation of C5b-9 complexes that lyse the target cell membrane.Surface-bound C3b and its breakdown products iC3b and C3d are recognizedby numerous receptors on lymphoid and phagocytic cells which use theC3b ligand to stimulate antigen presentation to cells of the adaptiveimmune system. The end result is an expansion of target-specific B-celland T-cell populations.

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